Are you in motion? Wait, that's not a question... You are in motion! Motion!!!!!!!!!

Hello! This week we are learning about motion! Did you know that you are never motionless? Even if you are extremely close to being motionless, you aren’t. Sorry! That’s because you have your blood moving inside of you. You’re even moving because the planet is revolving! So that means even if you were dead, you would be in motion. And now that you are reading this, that means your eyes are moving! You are always in motion! Weird, right? Well, do you know what motion really is??

Motion is the process of being moved, in case you didn’t know. I’ll give you an example! A simple one too! You are walking across the street. You move from one side to another! You just used motion to cross the street. Simple, right? One way motion can be measured is by relative motion. Relative motion is when an object changes position moving relative to a reference point. Here is an example. You are standing on the edge of a train watching someone running towards you. It looks like they are running towards you, and you are standing still. This is from your reference point. But, from the other person’s reference point, they are running towards a moving train. Here is an image of this!

You can also measure motion with distance and displacement. Distance is the measurement of the path you take to get to the end. So, you are driving to school. You drive 10 miles to get there. That is your path you took. In real life though, it is only 7 miles away. From you house to your school, the minimum distance is actually 7 miles. This is called displacement. Displacement is the distance from the starting point to the finish. Another example is in baseball. From one plate to the other, it is measured to be 90 feet. If you hit a single (you move to first place) your distance is 90 feet and you displacement is 90 feet. But if you hit a home run, you distance would be 360 feet, and you displacement would be zero feet. That is because your starting and finishing point is in the exact same spot.

Next, we are learning about speed! Speed is the distance an object travels in a unit of time. You could also just say S=d/t, which is speed equals distance divided by time. So if you drove 500 miles in 10 hours, you speed would be 50 mph (miles per hour). Of course, those 10 hours took up a long amount of time. During those 10 hours of driving, you obviously were not at the same consistent speed. Since you weren’t, the speed would become the average speed. Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. If it were measuring the speed at that moment, then it would be considered instantaneous speed. So, 2 hours into the trip, I was going 25 mph. That was my instantaneous speed for that moment, not the whole trip. There you go! Now, you know about speed! Do you ever get it mixed up with velocity?

Velocity is the speed of an object and the direction of its motion. So for velocity, you need the speed and the direction of the object. One time, I was at this Disney car ride thing where I was riding in the car that was racing around a track. The tract is an oval, like a usual one. The car was going 70 mph. It was going North originally, so that made it go 70 mph N. Easy, right? That's velocity for you!

Well, now that we are done learning, I am going to randomly list some of the fastest animals on the planet. Peregrine Falcon, Spine-tailed Swift, Frigate Bird, Spur-winged Goose, Marlin, Cheetah, Pronghorn Antelope, Blue Wildebeest, and the Brown Hare are the top ten fastest animals (according to this website). Well, that’s all for today. Bye!

Cheetah

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The Three Laws of... Eh too long- This is about Issac Newton!

Yo yo yo! Ok I don't like that intro... how about a simple hi. Hello! Okay... That’s better! So, this week, we are talking about something that will help you in the future. Do you know? Well, obviously my class knows... And all of you that read the title.... Anyways, guess what we are talking about?! Isaac Newton! 

Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton had an extremely hard childhood. Most of his life was consisted of living without parents. A couple months after he was born, his father died. :( Sad… And what didn't help the fact was that his mother left him when he was three. She left him for an older guy whom she had married to. He had moved in with his grandparents and lived his childhood with them, until he had enrolled for college.

As a Child

During his years in college, his mother randomly came back into his life telling him to come home and work on the farm. He had listened to his mother, but didn’t like it, so he went back to college. Sorry to get off topic, but nobody should leave a child, then randomly pop back in his life expecting him to listen to her every need. That is jut not supposed to happen… Sorry… Back to science… So, he went back to college (Cambridge). If you want to know more about Sir Isaac Newton *I don’t feel like sitting here for weeks typing all about his life. He went through a lot…*, look either here or here.

Click Here

For starters, he was an extremely smart man. He was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and a natural philosopher. I know… that’s a lot… But he managed for it all to work. One of his accomplishments was that he defined the laws of gravity. Cool, right? Well, different sources say different things. You will know him by the person who discovered something dealing with science by having an apple fall on his head. Or maybe he saw it fall, but who knows. But after he saw the apple fall… It just randomly popped into his head. If the apple fall like that what is the force of the whole universe like? Okay, not like that. It had actually made sense…. Moving on.

Isaac Newton Apple!

Another thing he did was that he defined the laws of motion. You might’ve heard of them as the Three Newton’s Laws. The first law is “An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.” This is called the “Law of Inertia”. The second law of motion is “Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object).” And lastly, the third law of motion is “For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.

Laws of Motion

Of course, the sky isn’t even the limit for him. He goes on and creates something all high-school students will hate him for… Calculus. I know, I'm not very happy with it either, but it made a huge difference in the world of mathematics. Then, he decided that this wasn’t enough and wanted to do more. So, he went ahead and proved everyone wrong on the fact that light was the color white. He had discovered that is was made with seven different colors. Cool, right?!

Seven Color Light

This obviously wasn’t enough for him, so he went ahead and invented some more things. He invented a reflecting telescope. What it did was if would have reflecting objects in it so you would see the color better, and not faintly. All of this stuff was amazing to everyone. He influenced the body of the Royal Observatory, and then he went ahead and was selected as president until death. I found that completely amazing.

Reflecting Telescope

Now, when I was researching him, I found some interesting facts I’d like to share with you!

1.   He dies the same day as my friends birthday. (May 31^st, 1727)

2.   He was buried in Westminster Abbey, which is an extremely huge honor, because very little people were buried there.

3.   When he was bron, he was born premature. At the time, premature babies rarely survived.

4.   He was extremely religious.

5.   He was born and died in England.

Sir Isaac Newton

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AHH FREEZING WINTER! I'm glad I have Heat...

Heyo! I'm back! If you don't want me here... Well too bad! Haha anyway, this week we are talking about - Man its cold in here! I'm glad we have- HEAT! Heat is a simple but effective concept to learn about. It’s simple, and heat affects you when you’re cold! Like I am right now, freezing cold! Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another when the objects are at different temperatures. Obviously, I love heat because I am always cold. BRR!

Heat is an interesting thing. It can be transferred in three different ways. The first way is Conduction. Conduction occurs when the particles in a material collide with neighboring particles. Basically, conduction happens when two objects with different temperatures, one being hot, touch, the heat transfers from one to another. Not to hard, right? An example of conduction is when you put a pot on the stove. The stove has heat from the small flame is producing. When the flame's particles touch the bottom of the pot, the heat transfers from the flame to the metal pot. This is the first out of three ways to learn. :D

Conduction isn't the only way to transfer heat, another way is called Convection. Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of atoms or molecules from one part of a material to another. Another way of saying that is convection occurs when there is heat source on the bottom, and it makes the air warmer and it rises. When it rises, the cooler air on the top goes down. Then when it heats up again, it pushes the used-to-be warm air down because it is now cold. The cycle goes on repeat after that unless the hear source it taken away. It sounds confusing, but it really isn't. An example of it is when you put water in the pot that was warming p from the stovetop flame. The bottom part of the pan will heat the water on the bottom. Then, the warmer water rises, while the cooler sinks. Then the cooler water turns warm, and pushes the used-to-be warm water down to the bottom. Like I said, the process repeats continuously. One more to go! :D

The third and final way to transfer heat is called Radiation. Radiation is the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. In other words, Radiation is one of the ways to transfer heat; it transfers by electromagnetic waves. A couple examples of Radiation are the sun, fire, and many more. Sorry, I can't use the water in a pot example this time. The way the sun transfers heat is by it's waves that travel down to Earth and heat up the planet. If the sun weren’t there, this planet would be a freezing cold planet. There you go, those are the three types of how to transfer heat! 

Now, there are a couple more things we need to talk about. Firstly, we shall talk about conductors. Conductors are materials or objects that allow energy to flow through them. A good example or a conductor is metal. Any types of metal, like iron, gold, nickel, and many more. Metal is a great conductor because it is easily heated. Things like plastic foam, feathers, and fur aren't because the material doesn't observe heat or let heat through the material. This is why blankets keep you warm! It doesn't let your body heat through, so it stays and keeps all of the heat around your skin. That sounds weird… Oh well. 

Question time! In order to heat a room evenly, should heating vents replaced near the floor or near the ceiling of the room? What do you think? Would you pick the ceiling or the floor? I think the floor because then it would make the warmer air rise making the cooler airdrop thus making convection current! Interesting, right?! I have three interesting facts for you! The lowest temperature you can go is approximately -273 degrees Celsius, also known as absolute zero. Right after the Big Bang, the temperature was so hot that it couldn't even form molecules. Now this is seriously random. When the temperature reaches 95 degrees, the human work output drops 45%. Weird, right? Well, I'll see ya next week! Byyyee!

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P.S. Red words are links to information 
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