Chemical Bonds

Hey guys! It’s Teemster! :D I’m back, and I’m going to be talking about something new today! I’m not going to make you guess like last time… but I will tell you a little about it. Today we are going to talk about Chemical Bonds, as you may know. This will be a fun topic to talk about!

Do you know anything about the atomic structure? Well, you’re going to need to know about that first. An atom consists of three particles, protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged particles that are bunched up together with neutrons forming an atomic nucleus. Neutrons are neutral, meaning they have no charge. Those two are bunched together, while electrons fly around them. Electrons are negatively charged particles that circle around the nucleus unevenly. Pretty simple, right?

These electrons are separated into electron shells. Each shell can hold up to a certain amount of electrons. The first can hold 2, then 8, 8, 16, 16, 32, 32… It goes like that. When the outer shell of an atom is full, the atom is a stable atom. However, if the atom isn’t full, then it is unstable. Easy, right? When the electron shells rapidly orbit around the nucleus, it makes the cloud. Cool, right! Wait… not a puffy cloud…  It’s an atomic cloud. It is visually seen because the electrons orbit rapidly around the nucleus! Now, that’s what I meant!

Not this... ^^

This... *Arrow Down*

:D

Haha you get that? Hopefully you do, because if you don’t… then you won’t get anything else that I’m about to talk about! Anyways, lets get back to the scientific stuff. In the outer electron shell of an atom, the electrons are called valence electrons. Valence electrons are electrons that are on the outer electron shell. Valence electrons are electrons that can be taken away or shared with other electrons.

When two or more atoms share, take, or give electrons, its called chemical bonding. When an atom shares an electron with another atom, it would make it a covalent bond. I think of covalent bonding as the two unhappy atoms work together and combine, literally, and become the best of friends! When an atom takes an electron from another atom, it would make an ionic bond. When an atom takes an electron from another atom, the atom that gained an electron becomes a negative atom. The atom that lost an electron becomes a positive atom. Then, because of electrostatic attraction, opposites attract. Electrostatic attraction makes the two, or more, atoms combine because of them being positively or negatively charged. So, I think of it this way. One atom is being mean, and takes an electron from another atom. Then, the atom randomly likes the other atom and they become besties! So, basically, all atoms become friends at the end of the day! J

There ya go! Simple information about how chemicals bond! They become the best of friends! :D Well, did you like my blog? Comment your thoughts for me please! :D

xoxo Teemster! :D

The Periodic Table of Elements

                Hey guys! I’m back! I get to talk to you guys about more sciency stuff! Guess what this topic is about! Well, I’ll give you some hints. It’s about something pure. Um… Oh! I got another hint! It organized extremely well; a little confusing but after you learn about it, it gets easy! Have you guessed yet? Well, if you read the title you would know what it is… But if you didn’t read it, don’t! I’m about to tell you. It’s about the Periodic Table of Elements.

                The Periodic Table is a tabular chart that lists all of the chemical elements that occur in the universe. The elements are categorized by the property of their atoms. I know that you have probably seen the Periodic Table before. It looks really complicated, but it really isn't. If you really think about it, it isn't that hard. The Periodic Table is organized so it is easier to see how all the elements relate or differ from one another. Atoms are the smallest part of an element. Elements are consisted of only the same type of atoms. So, if you had one drop of water, and you added more drops, it would make more water! Did that make sense? Hopefully... Okay, lets get back to science. Atoms are made up of a nucleus, protons and neutrons. It is also formed with a number of electrons in their electron shells. The number of these units determine it's properties. These three particles make these atoms different from one another. 

               That wasn't that hard, was it? Well, it won't get much harder. The elements are listed by their atomic number. The atomic number is the number or protons that are consisted in the nucleus. The atomic number is listed across the top of the element square. When you read across the Periodic Table, there are rows. These rows are called periods. Periods show how many electrons the element consists of. As you go across the period, the outer electron shell will fill up. By the end, the shell will be full. The 6th and 7th rows consisted of so many electrons, that they had to put some elements and put them below the rest of them! 

                The Periodic Tale is organized in many oter ways, too. Another way is called groups. Groups are vertical columns. There are 18 There are organized by how many electrons are in the outer electron shell. Groups are that simple! There are plenty of more ways that this tabular chart is organized. It is organized by color into different catagories, the different properties. There are two basic catagories, metals (2/3 of the elements) and non-matals (1/3 of the elements). In the metals, there are a couple sub-catagories. There are alkali metals (sodium; can react with water to produce alkaline solutions, alkaline-earth metals(calcium; combinations of water and these element found all over the world, produe alkaline solutions), transition metals (iron; they are strong and shiny), and poor metals (lead; they are soft with low melting points). Then there are semimetals (silicon; they conductelectricity only under certain confidtions and are useful in electronics). Finally, there are the non-metals. There are non-metals (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen; has a variety of properties and are vital to life on earth) and noble gases (helium and neon; they have an outer electron shell that is full, and they don't often react woth other elements. Any of the elements that have a atomic number above 92 (uranium) has to be made in a lab because it is too unstable to be made in nature.

There ya go! You got some basic (and some non-basic...) information about the Periodic Table! Did you like my blog? Comment your thoughts for me please! :D

Don't worry, I can take some negative reviews...

*Says, but still hoping that there aren't any*

xoxo Teemster! :D

Compounds and Mixtures

            Hey Guys! It's Teemster again! Did you guys like my last post? Hopefully you did! Anyway, lets get to science. That’s why you’re reading this, right? Well, for this post I'm going to talk about Compounds and Mixtures.

         Well, as you may or may not know, compounds and mixtures are very different. I’ll start with compounds. With compounds, different things come together and make a chemical change. A compound is made when toms of two or more elements bond in a chemical reaction. Elements and other compounds reacting can also form compounds. That being said, some compounds can be broken down into simpler compounds. After the chemical reaction, the elements don’t look anything like their original element from before. The chemical reaction causes the elements to change forms and from a new compound. An example of a compound is Salt. You know, that thing that is usually on the table at restaurants (I said usually because the salt isn't always there, and those are the times I need salt for my food! I hate it when that happens!). Table salt is TaCl. Ta is Natrium (Sodium), and Cl is for chlorine. Together, there is a chemical reaction, and Poof! There you go. Now you have table salt! Once the reaction happens, it is nearly impossible to undo. Did you get that? Yes? Yay! Wait… No? Oh well, moving on.

         So, did that make sense? Okay, good. (She says hoping that it made sense to you…) Well, now you know about compounds! Are you ready to learn about mixtures? Well, you are going to anyway so that shouldn’t even be a question. A mixture is formed when two or more elements, or compounds, are blended without combining chemically. They are combined physically, unlike compounds. When the substances are combined, they keep their own properties. Its like a salad! The lettuce, croutons, dressing, and anything else keep its properties, but it’s still mixed together. Even thought it is still mixed together, using physical or mechanical means can still separate it. Liquids, solids, and gases can be blended into heterogeneous or homogeneous mixtures. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that is combined completely. You could think of it this way! You know those flavorings for water bottles? Well, when you combine that and the actual water, it dissolves together. That’s one example of a homogeneous mixture. A heterogeneous mixture is when the substances don’t completely combine together. The particles can be distinguished by the human eye, unlike in a homogeneous mixture. An example of this one is a regular bowl of fruit loops! The bits of cereal float around in a bowl of milk! You probably didn’t expect that, huh? Well, That's it for today! Bye! :D

Did you like my second blog? Tell me your feedback 
please! I'm still hoping you got this blog! :P

Don't worry, I can take some negative reviews...

*Says, but still hoping that there aren't any*

xoxo Teemster! :D

P.S. Orange words are links to information 
and yellow are links for my pics! :D